32. All the following are mentioned as an advance in short-range weather forecasting EXCEPT .A. weather balloonsB. radar systemsC. automated instrumentsD. satellites
33. With Nowcasting, it first became possible to provide information about .A. short-lived local stormsB. radar networksC. long-range weather forecastsD.general weather conditions
34. With which of the following statements is the author most likely to agree?A. Communications satellites can predict severe weather.B. Meteorologists should standardize computer programs.C. The observation-intensive approach is no longer useful.D. Weather predictions are becoming more accurate.
35. Nowcasting would be best illustrated by .A. a five-day forecastB. a warning about a severe thunder-storm on the radioC. the average rainfall for each monthD. a list of temperatures in major cities
Passage 4
The relationship between the home and market economies has gone through two distinct stages. Early industrialization began the process of transferring some production processes (e.g. clothmaking, sewing and canning foods) from the home to the marketplace. Although the home economy could still produce these goods, the processes were laborious and the market economy was usually more efficient. Soon, the more important second stage was evident——the marketplace began producing goods and services that had never been produced by the home economy, and the home economy was unable to produce them (eg. electricity and electrical appliances, the automobile, advanced education, sophisticated medical care). In the second stage, the question of whether the home economy was less efficient in producing these new goods and services was irrelevant; if the family were to enjoy these fruits of industrialization, they would have to be obtained in the marketplace. The traditional ways of taking care of these needs in the home, such as in nursing the sick, became socially unacceptable (and, in most serious cases, probably less successful).
Just as the appearance of the automobile made the use of the horse-drawn carriage illegal and then impractical, and the appearance of television changed the radio from a source of entertainment to a source of background music, so most of the fruits of economic growth did not increase the options available to the home economy to either produce the goods or services or purchase them in the market. Growth brought with it increased variety in consumer goods, but not increased flexibility for the home economy in obtaining these goods and services. Instead, economic growth brought with it increased consumer reliance on the marketplace. In order to consume these new goods and services, the family had to enter the marketplace as wage earners and consumers. The neoclassical model that views the family as deciding whether to produce goods and services directly or to purchase them in the marketplace is basically a model of the first stage. It cannot accurately be applied to the second (and current) stage.
36. The reason why many production processes were taken over by the marketplace was that .A. it was a necessary step in the process of industrializationB. they depended on electricity available only to the market economyC. it was troublesome to produce such goods in the homeD. the marketplace was more efficient with respect to these processes
37. It can be seen from the passage that in the second stage .A. some traditional goods and services were not successful when provided by the home economyB. the market economy provided new goods and services never produced by the home economyC. producing traditional goods at home became socially unacceptableD. whether new goods and services were produced by the home economy became irrelevant
38. During the second stage, if the family wanted to consume new goods and services, they had to enter the marketplace .A. as wage earnersB. both as manufacturers and consumersC. both as workers and purchasersD. as customers
39. Economic growth did not make it more flexible for the home economy to obtain the new goods and service because .A. the family was not efficient in productionB. it was illegal for the home economy to produce themC. it could not supply them by itselfD. the market for these goods and services was limited
40. The neoclassical model is basically a model of the first stage, because at this stage .A. the family could rely either on the home economy or on the marketplace for the needed goods and servicesB. many production processes were being transferred to the marketplaceC. consumers relied more and more on the market economyD. the family could decide how to transfer production processes to the marketplace
Part III Vocabulary (20 minutes)
