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| 文章出处：学生大考试站 发布时间：2005-10-12 |
cities and its consequences.
7. The author uses Tokyo as an example mainly to show that .
A.the biggest cities will still be in First World countries
B. its development speed will be greater than that of London
C. most of the biggest cities will be in the Third World countries
D.Japanese will keep control of the growth of big cities such as Tokyo
8. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A.Over half of the world's population will move to cities by 2000.
B. The order of the world's biggest cities will be changed fundamentally by the year 2000.
C. The world population will reach about 6,000 million by 2000.
D.The poor countries will suffer more from the expansion of cities by 2000.
9. According to the last paragraph, all of the following are true EXCEPT that .
A.development of modern technology will reduce the use of manpower
B. urban planers will have no past experiences to borrow
C. the growth of urban population is faster than that of cities
D.the improvement of urban living conditions is to attract more migrants from the countryside
10. The expression “put a premium on" in Paragraph 3 can best be replaced by .
A.are in need of
B. devote much attention to
C. have no lack of
D.think little of
Passage 3
For some time past it has been widely accepted that babies—and other creatures—learn to do things because certain acts lead to “rewards"; and there is no reason to doubt that this is true. But it used also to be widely believed that effective rewards, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related to such basic physiological “drives" as thirst or hunger. In other words, a baby would learn if he got food or drink, some sort of physical comfort, not otherwise.
It is now clear that this is not so. Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome.
Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to “reward" the babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning the head to one side or the other. Then he noticed that a baby who had had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response with clear signs of pleasure. So he began to study the children's response in situation where no milk was provideD.He quickly found that children as young as fou
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